Simple present tense expresses that an action is done habitually or regularly. Simple present tense can be used in both negative and positive sentence as well as in questions.

Simple present tense yana nuna cewa aiki yana faruwa yau da kullum ko yana faruwa koda yaushe. Jimlar da za'a iya anfani da ita a simple present tense zata iya kasancewa "positive" (jimlar da take tabbatar da magana), za kuma ta iya kasancewa "negative" (jimlar da take musanta magana) haka kuma zata iya kasancewa jimla ta tambaya.

Example of simple present tense in sentence. (misalan yanda ake anfani da 'simple present tense' a cikin jimla).

I take the book to the office (positive). Ina kai littafin zuwa ofishin.

Do i take the book to the office? (question) shin ina kai littafin zuwa ofishin?

I don't take the book to the office. (negative) bana kai littafin zuwa makaranta.

Shehu sleeps seven hours every night. (positive) Shehu yana yin baccin sa'o'i bakwai kowani dare.

Does Shehu sleeps seven hours every night? (question) Shin Shehu yana yin baccin sa'o'i bakwai kowani dare?

Shehu doesn't sleeps seven hours every night (negative) Shehu baya yin baccin sa'o'i bakwai kowane dare.

The President of Nigeria lives in Abuja. (positive) Shugaban Nigeria yana rayuwa ne a Abuja.

Does the President of Nigeria lives in Abuja? (question) Shin shugaban Nigeria yana rayuwa ne a Abuja?

The President of Nigeria does'nt lives in Abuja. Shugaban Nigeria baya rayuwa a Abuja.

I play tennis. Ina buga ƙwallon tennis (koda yaushe)

Do i play tennis? shin ina buga ƙwallon tennis?

I don't play tennis. bana buga ƙwallon tennis.

I get up early every day. Ina tashi da wuri kullum.

Do i get up early every day? shin ina tashi da wuri kullum?

I don't get up early every night. bana tashi da wuri kullum.

Usman brushes his teeth twice a day. Usman yana wanke haƙoransa sau biyu a sati.

Do Usman brushes his teeth twice a week? shin Usman yana wanke haƙoransa sau biyu a sati?

Usman does'nt brushes his teeth twice a week. Usman baya wanke haƙoransa sau biyu a sati.

They speak Hausa at school. suna magana da harshen Hausa a makaranta.(koda yaushe)

Do they speak Hausa at school? shin suna magana da harshen Hausa a makaranta?

They don't speak Hausa at school. Basa yin magana da harshen Hausa a makaranta.

Past tense indicates action that has already happened. Past tense is usually formed by adding 'ed' to the end of the word if the verb ends in consonant or a vowel other than 'e'.

Past tense yana nuna aiki ya wakana/auku. Galibi ana samar da Past tense ne ta hanyar sanya haruffan "ed" a ƙarken kalma muddin dai kalmar ta ƙare da harafi ne ko kuma wasali wanda ba 'e' bane.

Example of past tense. Misalan Past tense.

Present tense	Past tense
Seem	Seemed
look	looked
laugh	laughed

If verb end in '-e', past tense is usually formed by adding 'd'

Idan kalma ta ƙare da harafin 'e' to akan samar da past tense nashi ta hanyar sanya harafin "d" a ƙarken kalma. Misali:

Present Tense	Past Tense
Love	loved
recede	receded
hope	hoped

If the verb ends in a consonant plus "y"; past tense should be formed by changing the 'y' to 'i' and then add 'ed' thereafter.

Amma idan kalma ta ƙare da harafi ne haɗe da harafin "y", to za'a samar da past tense ne ta hanyar mayar da harafin "y" ya koma "i" sannan daga bisani a sanya haruffan "ed". Misali:

Present Tense	Past Tense
Hurry	hurried
clarify	clarified

But if the verb ends in a vowel plus 'y', just add 'ed'

Amma idan kalma ta ƙare da wasali ne haɗe da kalmar "y", ana buƙatar a sanya haruffan "ed" ne kawai domin mayar da ita past tense. Misali:

Present Tense	Past Tense
Play	Played
Enjoy	Enjoyed

Present continuous tense is made from the present tense of the verb "be" plus "ing" form.

Ana samar da Present continuous tense daga cikin present tense ɗin verb na "be" tare da haruffan "ing".

Present continuous tense can be used to express an action at the moment of speaking.

Za'a iya yin anfani da present continuous tense domin yin nuni ga aikin da yake faruwa a lokacin da kake magana.
Misali:

We're playing together. Muna yin wasa tare yanzu.

The boy is running. yaran yana gudu.

I'm publishing on the internet. ina wallafa bayanai a yanar gizo.

Present continuous tense can be used express future.

Za'a iya yin anfani da present continuous tense domin nuna aikin da zai faru nan gaba. Misali:

I'm going to visit my parents next week. zan ziyarci iyayena sati mai zuwa.

What are you doing in the upcoming year? me zaka yi a shekara mai zuwa?

Present continuous tenses can used to ask questions.

Za'a iya yin anfani da present continuous tense gurin yin tambaya: Misali

Are you writing? shin kana yin rubutu ne?

Are Anas and Usman coming to your wedding? Shin Anas da Usman zasu zo ɗaurin aurenka?

When is he going school?? yaushe yake zuwa makaranta?

Present continuous tense can be used in negative sentence.

Za'a iya yin anfani da present continuous tense a cikin jimlar dake nuna cewa abu ba gaskiya bane. Misali:

I'm not publishing on the internet. bana wallafa bayanai a cikin yanar gizo.

You aren't focusing on your career. baka mayar da hankali akan sana'arka.

Some people aren't going to the wedding. Wasu mutane baza su zo ɗaurin auren ba.

She isn't going to attend the lecture. baza ta je gurin yin laccan ba.

The future tense "will, shall, or going to is used to refer to things that haven't happened yet, but are expected to occur in the future.

Ana yin anfani da future tense (will, shall, ko 'going to') domin nuna aikin da bai riga ya faru ba, amma ana sa ran faruwarsa nan gaba.

Future tense can be used in the following situations.

1. To give or ask for information about the future:

Za'a iya yin anfani da future tense ne a cikin lamurra kamar haka:
1. Domin bayar da bayani ko neman ƙarin bayani akan abin da zai faru nan gaba:
Misali

I was told that you will be in Kano tomorrow; how long will the journey take? An gaya mini cewa zaka kasance a Kano gobe, tsawan wani lokaci zaka ɗauka kana tafiya?

Future tense can be used to talk concerning what we think are likely to happen in the future, but which aren't completely certain.

Za'a iya yin anfani da future tense domin tattaunawa akan abun da zai iya faruwa nan gaba, amma wanda ba'a riga an gama tabbatarwa ba. Misali:

I think she'll travel soon. Ina tinanin zata yi tafiya bada jimawa ba.

He won't tolerate criticism for long. ba zai iya jurewa zagi ba na tsawan lokaci.

You'll never lose weight, provided you like food too much.Baza ka iya rage ƙiba ba, muddin dai kana son abinci sosai.

Future tense can be used to refer to conditional situations, things that will happen if something else occurs.

Za'a iya anfani da future tense domin nuna cewa wani abu zai iya faruwa ne kawau idan wani abun ya faru. Misali:

If it's hot I'll go swimming. Idan akwai zafi, zanje na yi wanka a rafi.

You'll get tied if you work for ten hours. zaka gaji idan ka yi aikin sa'o'i goma.

Future tense can be used to make promises, threats or to state decisions.

Za'a iya anfani da future tense domin ɗaukan alƙawari, yin barazana ko kuma domin faɗin shawarar daka zartar. Misali:

I'll meet you there. zan same ka a gurin.

Are you going into market? I'll give you a lift. shin kasuwa zaka shiga? zan rage maka hanya.

i'll never visit you again. bazan sake ziyartarka ba.

SHALL VS WILL

Traditionally, 'shall' is used with first person pronouns (i.e 'I' and 'we') to form the future tense. But 'will' is used with second and third person forms (i.e. you, he, she, it, they)

A bisa ƙa'ida, ana amfani da 'shall' ne tare da first person pronouns (wato "i" da kuma "we") domin samar da future tense. A sa'ilin da kuma ake anfani da "will" tare da second person ko third person (wato you, he, she, it, they). Misali:

I shall go to school. (zan je makaranta)

They will never go to school. (baza su je makaranta ba)

But if you're expressing a strong determination to do something, the roles are reversed.

Amma idan kana nuna cewa kana da wani ƙudiri mai ƙarfi ne na yin wani abu, to anan ana yin amfani da "shall" ne tare da "second person" ko "third person", sannan kuma za'a yi anfani da "will" tare da "first person". Misali:

I will not tolerate criticism. ba zan iya jurewa zagi ba.

You shall go to the field. Zaka iya zuwa filin.