Punctuation


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Punctuations are marks or signs used to divide sentence and phrases in writing or to make emphasis.

Punctuation wasu alamu ne da ake sanyawa a rubutu domin raba jimloli da kalmomi ko kuma domin ƙarfaffawa.
  1. Capital letters (manyan haruffa)
    2. a. Ana amfani da capital letter a harafin farko na kowani proper noun.

    b. A koda yaushe ka riƙa yin amfani da capital letter a harafin farko na sunayen mutane, garuruwa ko kuma kalmomi masu alaƙa da waɗannan. Misali: Africa, African, Muslim, Islam.

    c. A koda yaushe ka riƙa yin amfani da capital letter a harafin farko na kowata jimla.

    d. A koda yaushe ka riƙa yin amfani da capital letters a harafin farko na sunan littafi, fina finai ko sunan ƙungiya. Misali: Quran, Bible, Gwaska, BBC.

    e. Ana yin amfani da capital letter a harafin farko na acronyms Misali: BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation), USA (United States of America)

  2. Full stop (.)
    3. Ana amfani da full stop ne domin dakatawa a ƙarken jimla ko idan an taƙaita kalma.
  3. Comma (,)
    4. Ana amfani da comma ne domin rabe kalmomi uku ko fiye da suke a jere. Misali:
    The manager goes to my father, mother, son, daughter, and my grandparents. manajan yana zuwa gurin babana, mamata, ɗa na, 'ya ta, da kuma kakannina.

    B. A koda yaushe ana amfani da comma gabanin kowani coordinating conjunction (wato and, but, for, or, nor, yet) waɗanda suke haɗa clauses guda biyu mabanbanta. Misali:

    I went swimming, and i saw my sister therefrom. na tafi nunƙaya, sai naga 'yar uwata a gurin.

    c. A koda yaushe ana amfani da comma bayan kalmar adverb da ake amfani da ita domin yin shinfiɗar abun da za'a faɗa. Misali:

    Firstly, i like to thank you all. Da fari zan so na gode muku duka

    Undoubtedly, i saw the boy on the street. babu shakka naga yaran akan hanya

    d. kayi amfani da comma idan kalmar farko na jimlar "yes" ne ko "no" Misali:

    "Yes, he's Nigerian ambassador". "E, shi jakadan Nigeria ne".

    "No, he's not a teacher". "a,a, shi ba malami bane"

    e. A koda yaushe ka riƙa yin amfani da comma idan kana yin magana ne akan wani mutum ko wani abu. Misali:

    My father always ask, "yusuf, is that book helpful? mahaifina a koda yaushe yana tambaya ta, "Yusuf, shin wannan littafin yana da amfani?"

    f. Kayi amfani da comma domin nuna cewa wani lamari ba haka yake ba, misali:

    I saw a man, not an animal in the House. Mutum na gani ba dabba ba a gidan.

    g. Ana yin amfani da comma kafin a sanya lambobi guda uku idan za'a rubuta lambar data zarce 999. Misali: 10,000 ko 1,304,687

  4. Question Mark (?)
    5. Ana amfani da question mark ne a ƙarken tambaya
  5. Apostrophe (')
    6. Ana amfani dashi ne domin taƙaita kalma ko domin nuna alamar mallaka. Misali:

    Shamsuddeen's book. littafin Shamsuddeen.

    I'll, we'll, can't

  6. Quotation Mark ("")
    7. Ana amfani da quotation mark ne domin nuna haƙiƙanin abun da aka faɗa. Misali:

    "i'm sorry" said Musa. Musa yace ayi haƙuri

  7. Exclamation Mark (!)
    8. Ana amfani da ita domin nuna cewa ana bada umurni ne ko domin nuna abun mamaki. Misali: come here! oh!
  8. Semi colon (;)
    9. Ana amfani da semi colon ne domin dakatawa, amma dakatawar ta fi dakatawar da ake yi ta comma ƙarfi, sai dai ƙarfinta bai kai na full stop ba. Galibi ana amfani da semi colon ne tsakanin main clauses guda biyu waɗanda suka dace da juna. Misali:

    The Kano road runs through a beautiful wooded valley; the railway line follows it. Hanyar Kano ta ratsa ta wani kyakkyawan guri mai cike da itatuwa; kuma titunan jirage suna biye da hanyan.

    An American ambassador searched northern Nigeria; he went to the Kano pyramid. Jakadan Nigeria ya bincike arewacin Nigeria; ya je har dalar Kano.

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